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Sanford is a port city at the intersection of Lake Monroe and the St. Johns River.  Sanford was incorporated in 1877. Envisioned as a transportation center, the city's founder, Henry S. Sanford, nicknamed it "the Gate City of South Florida". It became a hub for shipping agricultural products, which earned the city another nickname, "Celery City". During World War II, the city grew because of the presence of a naval air station. In 2012, the name "Sanford"received national attention because of the shooting death of Miami teenager Trayvon Martin in the city.

Sanford, a city of over 50,000, still prospers due to its coastal location, but now recreational boating occurs at marinas alongside commercial craft. The Aerosim Flight Academy is located within Orlando Sanford International Airport, the former site of Naval Air Station Sanford. Sanford's economy is primarily driven by the service sectors and construction.

The main campus of Seminole State College of Florida is located at Sanford.

Sanford is in East Central Florida. It's population as recorded in the 2010 Census was 53,570.

The median age for residents of Sanford is 32.4. Around 36.7% of Sanford households include school aged children and 19% of households include individuals aged 65 years or over. Census records indicate 57.3% of the Sanford population are White, 30.4% are Black or African American, .5% American Indian, 2.8% Asian and 3.3% are Two or more Races. Sanford has a significant Hispanic population. 20.2% (10,844) of Sanford residents are of Hispanic or Latino origin. Of these 16.37% are of Mexican origin, 51.06% Puerto Rican, 3.65% Cuban and 28.9% are of other Hispanic or Latino origin.

There are 23,061 housing units in Sanford. 2,943 (12.7%) of these were reported as vacant in the 2010 Census. There are 11,430 residential rental units in Sanford. 10,039 of them were occupied in 2010 providing a residential rental vacancy rate of 11.9%.